The Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population together constitute nearly 20.04% of the State population of 6,24,05,679 (Census 2001). Scheduled Caste population account for 19 % and the Scheduled Tribe 1.04% . 70% of the Scheduled Castes and 85% of the Scheduled Tribes are living in rural areas. Socially disadvantaged groups of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes need a constant special focus for their socio- economic advancement.
Government has taken several steps by framing appropriate policies needed to design and implement various welfare program for achieving the objectives of creating favourable environment to ensure speedy socio-economic development of Adi Dravidars and Tribals. Major ameliorative activities for these communities are grouped under educational development, economic development, Special Component Plan for Adi Dravidars and the Tribal Sub Plan for Tribals. Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar Housing and Development Corporation (TAHDCO) implements the economic development program in addition to the regular economic development program implemented by various sectoral departments for the benefit of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes with specific target coverage for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.